Bridge bearings and their functions, characteristics, requirements and classification
Release time:
2018-08-13
In the bridge structure, the bearing is the connection point of the upper and lower structures of the bridge. Its function is to transfer the load of the upper structure to the pier platform smoothly and safely, and to ensure the free deformation of the upper structure under the action of load, temperature change, concrete shrinkage and other factors, so as to make the actual force of the structure conform to the calculation diagram and protect the beam end and pier cap from damage. This requires it to have enough rice vertical stiffness and elasticity, can be the upper structure of the bridge all the load reliably transmitted to the pier, and at the same time bear the horizontal displacement, angle and deformation of the end of the bridge structure caused by the load, reduce and ease the vibration of the pier, adapt to the temperature and humidity changes caused by the expansion and contraction of the bridge structure.
In the bridge structure, the bearing is the connection point of the upper and lower structures of the bridge. Its function is to transfer the load of the upper structure to the pier platform smoothly and safely, and to ensure the free deformation of the upper structure under the action of load, temperature change, concrete shrinkage and other factors, so as to make the actual force of the structure conform to the calculation diagram and protect the beam end and pier cap from damage. This requires it to have enough rice vertical stiffness and elasticity, can be the upper structure of the bridge all the load reliably transmitted to the pier, and at the same time bear the horizontal displacement, angle and deformation of the end of the bridge structure caused by the load, reduce and ease the vibration of the pier, adapt to the temperature and humidity changes caused by the expansion and contraction of the bridge structure.
As far as the installation position of the support is concerned, although it can be replaced in use, the cost, technology and difficulty of replacement are very large. Most of the support in the bridge can be described as permanent installation. The life of the support should be consistent with the life of the bridge, otherwise it will cause adverse consequences for the use of the bridge. Although the support cost accounts for only a small proportion in the cost of the bridge, its role far exceeds its cost. Therefore, the support has become one of the important materials for bridge construction and use.
In recent years, during the use of bridge bearings, there are various quality problems and hidden dangers in the bearings. The reasons can be divided into three aspects: product quality, construction quality and design selection. The product quality, construction quality and design selection of the plate rubber bearing are related to the service life of the rubber bearing. It needs the close cooperation of the production side, the construction side and the design side. Any problem on any side will seriously affect the service life of the rubber bearing.
Bridge bearing according to its structure can be divided into three categories: one is the bridge plate rubber bearing; two is the basin bearing; three is the ball bearing. In addition, it can be classified according to its function, use, characteristics, development pinch off, etc.
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